Description

Specifications Penerima dan Pengirim Data Ke Server (Cloud Meshlium)

Processor	500MHz (x86)
RAM memory	256MB (DDR)
Disk memory	8GB
Power	5W (18V)
Power Source	POE (Power Over  Ethernet)
Normal Current Consumption	270mA
High Current Consumption	450mA
Max Supply Current	1’5A
Enclosure	Material	Aluminium
	Dimensions	210x175x50mm
	Weight	1,2Kg
	External  protection	IP65
Temperature Range	-20ºC / 50ºC
Response Time to ethernet ping	60s
Time to have all the services running	90s
Types of power supply* for POE	AC-220V
	Battery – solar panel  (DC-12V)
	Car  lighter (DC-12V)
System	Linux, Debian. OLSR Mesh communication protocol. MadWiFi Drivers.
Management  software	Meshlium Manager System (open source)
Security	Authentication WEP, WPA-PSK, HTTPS and SSH access.

WiFi AP – 2.4GHz Radio

(*) Depending on antenna and line of sight

ANTENNA
Type	Omnidirectional
Gain	5dBi
Dimensions	224 x 22 mm

WiFi Mesh Dual Band 2.4 GHz / 5GHz  Radio

(*) Depending on antenna and line of sight

ANTENNA
Type	Omnidirectional
Gain	5dBi – 2.4GHz / 8dBi –  5GHz
Dimensions	224 x 22 mm

XBee Radio

Model	XBee – PRO – ZigBee
Frequency	2,4GHz
Tx-Power	50mW
Rx Sensitivity	-102dBm
Antenna	5dBi Dipole
Distance	7km *

 

Model	XBee – PRO – 868
Frequency	868MHz
Tx-Power	315mW
Rx Sensitivity	-112dBm
Antenna	5dBi Dipole
Distance	12km *

 

Model	XBee – PRO – 900
Frequency	900MHz
Tx-Power	50mW
Rx Sensitivity	-100dBm
Antenna	5dBi Dipole
Distance	10km *

  

(*) Depending on antenna and line of sight

XBee Radio (continuation)

Model	XBee – PRO – Digimesh
Frequency	2.4GHz
Tx-Power	100mW
Rx Sensitivity	-100dBm
Antenna	5dBi Dipole
Distance	7km *

(*) Depending on antenna and line of sight

LoRa Radio

Model	Semtech SX1272
Frequency	868 and 915 MHz
Tx-Power	14 dBm
Rx Sensitivity	-137 dBm
Antenna	4.5dBi Dipole
Distance	21+km *

(*) Depending on antenna and line of sight

WiFi Scanner

Chipset	Atheros AR5213A – IEEE   802.11b/g
Distance	50-200m *
Antenna	5dBi Dipole

(*) Depending on antenna and line of sight

Bluetooth Scanner

Protocol	Bluetooth 2.1 + EDR. Class 2
Tx-Power	3dBm
Antenna	5dBi
Power	3dBm
Distance	20-30m *

(*) Depending on antenna and line of sight

3G/GPRS Module

Protocols	3G *, WCDMA, HSPA, UMTS, GPRS, GSM
Tri Band	900MHz/1900MHz/2100MHZ or 850MHz/1900MHz/2100MHZ
Output power:	UMTS 850/900/1900/2100: 0.25W GSM850/GSM900: 2W DCS1800/PCS1900:  1W
Rx Rate	7.2Mb/s
Tx Rate	5.5Mb/s
Antenna	3dBi
SIM card	Access via the External SIM  socket

(*) Note for US users: We have tested the new 3G shield with the AT&T network which supports nativelly the GSM and 3G protocolos. With other carriers may also work although we haven’t tried and thus we can not ensure it. For this reason we recommend to use   AT&T

SIM cards.

GPS Module

Modes	Assisted   GPS   (A-GPS), Standalone  mode  (NMEA frames)
Server	Server enabled to perform even indoor location ins A-GPS and S-GPS modes
Antenna	26dBi (+-4.5dBi) – 3m cable.   Magnetic

Understanding  Meshlium

Concepts

Meshlium is a Linux router which works as the Gateway of the Waspmote Sensor Networks. It can contain 6 different radio interfaces: WiFi 2.4GHz, WiFi 5GHz, 3G/GPRS, Bluetooth, XBee and LoRa. As well as this Meshlium can also integrate a GPS module for mobile and vehicular applications and be solar and battery powered. These features along with an aluminium IP65 enclosure allows Meshlium to be placed anywhere outdoor.

Meshlium can work  as:

• an XBee / LoRa to Ethernet router for Waspmote nodes *
• an XBee / LoRa to 3G/GPRS router for Waspmote nodes *
• a WiFi Access Point
• a WiFi Mesh node (dual band 4GHz-5GHz)
• a WiFi to 3G/GPRS router
• a Bluetooth scanner and analyzer
• a GPS-3G/GPRS realtime tracker **
• a Smartphone scanner (detects iPhone and Android devices) **

(* ) More info about Waspmote at: http://www.libelium.com/waspmote (**) Antennas with longer range are available for WiFi and Bluetooth Scanner

All the networking options can be controlled from two different sources:

1. Manager System: a web interface which comes with Meshlium. It allows you to control all the interfaces and system options in a secure, easy and quick
2. SSH console: for expert users direct access to the shell console is

Meshlium is also a complete Linux station which offers different services, programming environments and storage systems: Services activated:

• HTTP / HTTPS
• SSH

Examples of programming environments to be installed:

• C (by default)
• C++
• Java
• PHP (by default)
• Python
• Perl
• Ruby

Regarding the information storage Meshlium counts with two different data base systems.

• MySQL (by default)
• Postgre

All the information coming from all the interfaces (XBee, LoRa, Bluetooth, 3G/GPRS, WiFi and from the GPS module) can           be stored in the Local Data Base as explained in the “Storage Options” section or even exported to an external Data Base connected  to  the internet.

Meshlium Models

There are different Meshlium models (“Presets”) depending on the radios integrated and on the fact if they act as a Gateway (GW) node or not.

Models	WiFi AP (2.4GHz)	WiFi Mesh (2.4GHz /5GHz)	3G/GPRS	ZigBee	Ethernet	GW
Meshlium AP	P				P	P
Meshlium  3G/GPRS-AP	P		P		P	P
Meshlium Mesh-AP	P	P			P
Meshlium Mesh-AP-GW	P	P			P	P
Meshlium  Mesh-3G/GPRS-AP	P	P	P		P	P
Meshlium RF-AP	P			P	P	P
Meshlium  RF-3G/GPRS-AP	P		P	P	P	P
Meshlium  RF-Mesh-AP	P	P		P	P
Meshlium RF-Mesh-AP-GW	P	P		P	P	P
Meshlium  RF-Mesh-3G/GPRS-AP	P	P	P	P	P	P
Meshlium Scanner AP	P				P	P
Meshlium  Scanner 3G-/GPRS-AP	P		P		P	P
Meshlium Scanner RF-AP	P			P	P	P

All the configurations will act as GW nodes except the nodes configured to act as simple mesh nodes (Mesh-AP and XBee- Mesh-AP) which need one GW node in the mesh network which shares its Internet connection. However, all the nodes can be changed to act as GW nodes with just one click through the Presets section.

All the Meshlium models come with Ethernet (IPv4 and IPv6) interfaces.

On some of them two extra modules can be installed: Bluetooth and  GPS.

Models	WiFi Scans	Bluetooth Scans	GPS	8GB / 16GB / 32 GB Storage options
Meshlium AP				P
Meshlium  3G/GPRS-AP			Optional	P
Meshlium Mesh-AP				P
Meshlium Mesh-AP-GW				P
Meshlium  Mesh-3G/GPRS-AP			Optional	P
Meshlium RF-AP				P
Meshlium  RF-3G/GPRS-AP			Optional	P
Meshlium  RF-Mesh-AP				P
Meshlium RF-Mesh-AP-GW				P
Meshlium  RF-Mesh-3G/GPRS-AP				P
Meshlium Scanner AP	P	P		P
Meshlium  Scanner 3G/GPRS-AP	P	P		P
Meshlium Scanner RF-AP	P	P		P

Storage

The size of the Meshlium hard disk is 8 GB. The Operating System and the Manager System take ~2.5GB. This means the space which can be used to store the data captured and to be used by the applications loaded by the user is:

• 8GB – 2.5GB = 5.5GB

This space is assigned to the user  partition: “/mnt/user”

There are three folders where the captured data is stored when the “Store to a File or Data Base” option is activated:

• /mnt/user/zigbee_data
• /mnt/user/bluetooth_data
• /mnt/user/gps_data

The Local Data Base files can be found    in: “/mnt/user/mysql/MeshliumDB”

Applications model by model

Meshlium AP

Clients can connect to Meshlium via WiFi with laptops and smart phones and get access to the Internet. In order to give Internet access Meshlium uses the Ethernet connection. Just connect it to your hub or switch and it will get automatically an IP from your network using DHCP. This model can receive and store data from Waspmotes with GPRS, 3G or WiFi, sending via HTTP protocol

Meshlium 3G/GPRS AP

Clients can connect to Meshlium via WiFi with laptops and smart phones and get access to the Internet. In order to give   Internet access Meshlium uses the 3G/GPRS connection. This model can receive and store data from Waspmotes with GPRS,    3G or WiFi, sending via HTTP  protocol

Meshlium Mesh AP – Meshlium Mesh AP GW

Meshlium can work as a Mesh node. This means we can interconnect several Meshliums in order to share a common resource  as the Internet connection. This way, the clients connected to a certain node can access to the Internet connection of a third node which is some hops far away the actual connecting point. In a mesh network there are two kinds of nodes:

• Meshlium Mesh AP allows clients to connect via WiFi and creates links with other nodes using a second WiFi radio which operates in the 5GHz
• Meshlium Mesh AP GW (gateway) is the node which shares its Internet connection with the rest of the It takes the Internet connection from the Ethernet interface. There is only one GW in the mesh network.

This model can receive and store data from Waspmotes with GPRS, 3G or WiFi, sending via HTTP protocol

Meshlium Mesh AP – Meshlium Mesh 3G/GPRS AP:

Meshlium can work as a Mesh node. This means we can interconnect several Meshliums in order to share a common resource  as an Internet connection. This way, the clients connected to a certain node can access to the Internet connection of a third  node which is some hops far away the actual connecting point. In a mesh network there are two kinds of nodes:

• Meshlium Mesh AP allows clients to connect via WiFi and creates links with other nodes using a second WiFi radio which operates in the 5GHz
• Meshlium Mesh 3G/GPRS AP (3G/GPRS gateway) is the node which shares its Internet connection with the rest of the network. It takes the Internet connection from the 3G/GPRS There is only one GW in the mesh network.

This model can receive and store data from Waspmotes with GPRS, 3G or WiFi, sending via HTTP protocol

Meshlium XBee/LoRa AP

Meshlium can take the sensor data which comes from an XBee / LoRa Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) made with Waspmote sensor devices * and send it to the Internet using the Ethernet interface. This model can receive and store data from Waspmotes with GPRS, 3G or WiFi, sending via HTTP protocol. Users can also connect directly to Meshlium using the WiFi interface to  control it and access to the sensor   data.

(*) For more information see section “Wireless Sensor Networks”

Meshlium XBee/LoRa 3G/GPRS  AP

Meshlium can take the sensor data which comes from a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) made with Waspmote sensor devices

* and send it to the Internet using the 3G/GPRS interface. This model can receive and store data from Waspmotes with GPRS,    3G or WiFi, sending via HTTP protocol. Users can also connect directly to Meshlium using the WiFi interface to control it and access to the sensor  data.

(*) For more information see section “Wireless Sensor Networks”

Meshlium XBee Mesh AP – Meshlium XBee Mesh AP GW:

Meshlium can work as an XBee Mesh node. This means we can interconnect several nodes in order to share a common   resource as an Internet connection. This way, the sensor nodes connected to a node via XBee can send the information to        the Internet link set on a third node which is some hops far away the actual  point. In this hybrid XBee – WiFi mesh network  there are two kinds of  nodes:

• Meshlium XBee Mesh AP allows the sensor devices to connect via XBee, WiFi or Internet (Ethernet) and creates links with other nodes using a WiFi radio which operates in the 5GHz band. Users can also connect directly to Meshlium using the 2.4GHz WiFi interface to control it and access to the sensor
• Meshlium XBee Mesh AP GW (gateway) is the node which shares its Internet connection with the rest of the It takes the Internet connection from the Ethernet interface. There is only one GW in the mesh network.

(*) For more information see section “Wireless Sensor Networks”

Meshlium XBee Mesh AP – Meshlium XBee Mesh 3G/GPRS  AP

Meshlium can work as an XBee Mesh node. This means we can interconnect several nodes in order to share a common   resource as an Internet connection. This way, the sensor nodes connected to a node via ZigBee can send the information to     the Internet link set on a third node which is some hops far away the actual point. In this hybrid ZigBee – WiFi mesh network there are two kinds of  nodes:

• Meshlium XBee Mesh AP allows the sensor devices to connect via XBee, WiFi or Internet (Ethernet) and creates links with other nodes using a WiFi radio which operates in the 5GHz band. Users can also connect directly to Meshlium using the 2.4GHz WiFi interface to control it and access to the sensor
• Meshlium XBee Mesh 3G/GPRS AP (3G/GPRS gateway) is the node which shares its Internet connection with the rest of the It takes the Internet connection from the 3G/GPRS interface. There is only one GW in the mesh network.

(*) For more information see section “Wireless Sensor Networks”

Meshlium Scanner AP

It allows to detect Smartphones (iPhone, Android) and in general any device which works with WiFi or Bluetooth interfaces. This model can receive and store data from Waspmotes with GPRS, 3G or WiFi, sending via HTTP protocol. The collected data can be send to the Internet by using the Ethernet. Clients can also connect to Meshlium via WiFi with laptops and smart phones and get access to the Internet (as a common Access Point).

(*) For more information see section “Smartphone Detection”

Meshlium  Scanner 3G/GPRS-AP

It allows to detect Smartphones (iPhone, Android) and in general any device which works with WiFi or Bluetooth interfaces.  This model can receive and store data from Waspmotes with GPRS, 3G or WiFi, sending via HTTP protocol. The collected data  can be send to the Internet by using the Ethernet,  and 3G/GPRS connectivity. Clients can also connect to Meshlium via WiFi   with laptops and smart phones and get access to the Internet (as a common Access Point).

(*) For more information see section “Smartphone Detection”

Meshlium  Scanner  XBee/LoRa -AP

It allows to detect Smartphones (iPhone, Android) and in general any device which works with WiFi or Bluetooth interfaces. It can also capture the sensor data which comes from the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) made with Waspmote sensor devices.

The collected data can be send to the Internet by using the Ethernet and WiFi connectivity. Clients can also connect to Meshlium via WiFi with laptops and smart phones and get access to the Internet (as a common Access Point).

http://www.libelium.com/development/meshlium/documentation

(*) For more information see section “Wireless Sensor Networks” (*) For more information see section “Smartphone Detection”

Software

Meshlium comes with the Manager System, an open source web application which allows to control quickly and easily the WiFi, XBee, LoRa, Bluetooth and 3G/GPRS configurations along with the data base storage options of the sensor data received.

Interfaces

Configuration of WiFi, XBee, LoRa, Bluetooth, GPRS and Ethernet radios in a intuitive and easy way. Configure all the connection preferences in minutes

Configure where you want to store the sensor data captured. Now it is possible to do it in an automatic way with any type of frame thanks to the new Sensor Parser. In just one minute you can get an external data base being updated with the data coming from the Waspmote network. Sensor Parser can receive data from all these interfaces:

• XBee
• LoRa
• 3G/GPRS
• WiFi
• Ethernet

Mesh

Create a mesh network with fixed and mobile nodes in just one click with the predefined presets or specify your own mesh node preferences. Set the Gateway of the mesh network pressing one button

AP

Set an Access Point with WPA security in just 1 minute and control the users connected

3G/GPRS

Set Meshlium as a 3G/GPRS Gateway in order to send the sensor data captured from the XBee/LoRa radio to the Internet and to provide connectivity to the users connected through the WiFi AP and WiFi Mesh interfaces.

Scanner

It allows to detect iPhone and Android Smartphones and in general any device which works with WiFi interfaces. The data captured (MAC, RSSI, AP, Vendor) may be easily stored in the internal Meshlium data base or in any external one located in the Cloud

  Bluetooth Scanner

It allows to detect iPhone, Android, handsfree’s and in general any device which works with Bluetooth interfaces. The data captured (MAC, RSSI, CoD, Vendor) may be easily stored in the internal Meshlium data base or in any external one located in   the Cloud.

Linux

Meshlium runs a Linux system based on Debian with the package system available. This means you can install any application

or service you need.

GPS

The GPS module allows to trace real time the Meshlium location, speed and altitude. All this information can be stored in a internal or external data base pressing just one button.

Special WiFi Tools

Configure Meshlium to support long range WiFi radio links (km) and calculate the Fresnel zone easily.

Networking Tools

Test the link quality and the bandwidth of the radio links using diagnosis tools such as iperf, ping and traceroute. All from the browser.

Wireless Sensor Networks with Waspmote and Meshlium

Two Libelium technologies:

Waspmote is a sensor device specially oriented to developers. It works with different protocols (ZigBee, Bluetooth, GPRS) and frequencies (2.4GHz, 868MHz, 900MHz) being capable of getting links up to 22km. It counts with an hibernate mode of 0.7uA which allows to save battery when it is not transmitting. More than 50 sensors already available and a complete open source IDE (API libraries + compiler) made really easy to  start working  with  the platform.

Meshlium is a Linux router which works as the Gateway of the Waspmote Sensor Networks. It can contain 5 different radio interfaces: WiFi 2.4GHz, WiFi 5GHz, 3G/GPRS, Bluetooth and XBee/LoRa. As well as this, Meshlium can also integrate a GPS module for mobile and vehicular applications and be solar and battery powered. These features a long with an aluminium IP-65 enclosure allows Meshlium to be placed anywhere outdoor. Meshlium comes with the Manager System, a web application which allows to control quickly and easily the WiFi, XBee, LoRa, Bluetooth and 3G/GPRS configurations a long with the storage options of the sensor data received.

The new Meshlium Xtreme allows to detect iPhone and Android devices and in general    any device which works with WiFi or Bluetooth interfaces. The idea is to be able to  measure the amount of people and cars which are present in a certain point at a specific time, allowing the study of the evolution of the traffic congestion of pedestrians and vehicles.

How do they work together?

Meshlium receives the sensor data sent by Waspmote using the one wireless radio. The Sensor Parser is a software system which is able to do the following tasks in an easy and transparent way:

• receive frames from XBee and LoRa (with the Data Frame format)
• receive frames from 3G/GPRS, WiFi and Ethernet via HTTP protocol (Manager System version 3.1.4 and above)
• parse these frames
• store the data in local Database
• synchronize the local Database with an external Database Besides, the user can add his own

Then 4 possible actions can be performed:

1. Store the sensor data in the Meshlium Local Data Base (MySQL)
2. Store the sensor data in an External Data Base (MySQL)
3. Send the information to the Internet using the Ethernet or WiFi  connection
4. Send the information to the Internet using the 3G/GPRS connection

Meshlium Storage Options

• Local Data Base
• External Data Base

Meshlium Connection Options

• XBee / LoRa / GPRS / 3G / WiFi → Ethernet
• XBee / LoRa / GPRS / 3G / WiFi → WiFi
• ZigBee  ->  3G/GPRS
• XBee / LoRa / GPRS / 3G / WiFi → 3G/GPRS

Smartphone  Detection

The new Meshlium Xtreme allows to detect iPhone and Android devices and in general any device which works with WiFi

or  Bluetooth  interfaces.

These devices can be detected without the need of being connected to an specific Access Point, enabling the detection of any Smartphone, laptop or handsfree device which comes into the coverage area of Meshlium.

The idea is to be able to measure the amount of people and cars which are present in a certain point at a specific time,    allowing the study of the evolution of the traffic congestion of pedestrians and vehicles

Users have to do nothing to be detected as the WiFi and Bluetooth radios integrated in their Smartphones periodically send a “hello!” message telling about their presence.

The information read from each user   contains:

• The MAC address of the wireless interface, which allows to identify it
• The strength of the signal (RSSI), which gives us the average distance of the device from the scanning
• The vendor of the Smartphone (Apple, Nokia,  etc)
• The Class of Device (CoD) in case of Bluetooth which allows us to differentiate the type of device (Smartphone, Handsfree, Computer, LAN/Network AP). With this parameter we can differentiate among pedestrians and

The coverage areas may be modified by changing the power transmission of the radio interfaces allowing the creation of different scanning zones from a few meters (in order to study an specific point) to dozens of meters (to study the whole street  or even the entire floor of a shopping   mall).

Example of information monitored by the WiFi Scanner:

DB ID	Timestamp	MAC	AP	RSSI	Vendor
53483	2012-04-24 07:56:25	C4:2C:03:96:0E:4A		69	Apple
53482	2012-04-24 09:11:26	D8:2A:7E:10:1E:63	libelium_wsn1	60	Nokia Corporation

Example of information monitored by the Bluetooth Scanner:

DB ID	Timestamp	MAC	ID	RSSI	CoD	Vendor
45400	2012-05-16 16:18:12	00:26:7E:5F:3C:18	myCar	-72	Handsfree	PARROT SA
78005	2012-04-20 12:59:27	D8:2A:7E:0E:C3:10	Tropic	-85	Smartphone	Nokia Corporation

Applications related to Shopping and Street   activities:

• Number of people passing daily in a street
• Average time of the stance of the people in a  street
• Differentiate between residents (daily matches) and visitants (sporadic matches)
• Walking routes of people in shopping malls and average time in each area

 

The Vehicle Traffic Monitoring is also another important application as understanding the flow and congestion of vehicular traffic is essential for efficient road systems in cities. Smooth vehicle flows reduce journey times, reduce emissions and save energy. Similarly the efficient flow of pedestrians in an airport, stadium or shopping centre saves time and can make the difference between a good and a bad visit. Monitoring traffic – whether road vehicles or people – is useful for operators of roads, attractions and transport hubs.

Applications for Vehicle Traffic Detection:

• Monitor in real time the number of vehicles passing for a certain point in highways and roads
• Detect average time of vehicle stance for traffic congestion prevention
• Monitor average speed of vehicles in highways and roads
• Provide travel times on alternate routes when congestion is detected

The monitoring system can also be used to calculate the average speed of the vehicles which transit over a roadway by taking the time mark at two different points

For Vehicle Traffic Detection it is advised to purchase the special pack of 2 directional antennas which enlarges the detecion  area.

Do the users need to have an specific app installed or interact somehow to be detected?

No, the scan is performed silently, Meshlium just detects the “beacon frames” originated by the WiFi and Bluetooth radios integrated in the Smartphones. Users just need to have at least one of the two wireless interfaces turned on.

How do we differentiate if the Bluetooth device detected is a car’s hands-free or an Smartphone?

In the scanning process each Bluetooth device gives its “Class of Device” (CoD) attribute which allows to identify the type of service it gives. We can differentiate easily the CoD’s generated by the car’s handsfree from the people’s phone ones.

How do I control the inquiry  area?

In the Bluetooth inquiry there are seven different power levels which go from -27dBm to +3dBm in order to set different coverage zones from 10 to 50m. In both WiFi and Bluetooth radios these zones can also be increased or decreased by using a different antenna for the module as it counts with an standard N-Male connector. The default antenna which comes with the scanning modules is an omnidirectional antenna with a gain of 5dBi.

How do I calculate the distance of any of the devices detected?

In the inquiry process we receive the MAC address of the Bluetooth device along with the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) which gives us the quality of the transmission with each device. RSSI values usually go from -40dBm (nearest nodes)        to -90dBm (farthest ones). In the tests performed devices at a distance of 10m reported -50dBm as average, while the ones situated at 50m gave us an average of    -75dBm.

What about privacy?

The anonymous nature of this technique is due to the use of MAC addresses as identifiers. MAC addresses are not associated with any specific user account or mobile phone number not even to any specific vehicle. Additionally, the “inquiry mode” (visibility) can be turned off so people have always chosen if their device will or won’t be detectable.

How do the Bluetooth, WiFi and XBee radios coexist without causing interferences with each other?

WiFi, XBee and Bluetooth work in the 2.4GHz frequency band (2.400 – 2.480MHz), however, the Bluetooth radio integrated in Meshlium uses an algorithm called Adaptive Frequency Hopping (AFH) which improves the common algorithm used by Bluetooth (FHSS) and enables the Bluetooth radio to dynamically identify channels already in use by XBee and WiFi devices and to avoid them

Certifications:

• CE (Europe)
• FCC (USA)